For decades, we’ve linked excessive television-watching to a deterioration in sight. Nowadays, parents are concerned about more than just ‘square eyes’.
Screen time in the younger generations has skyrocketed in the last few years as smartphones and iPads have become irrevocably integrated into our everyday lives. The long-term effects, both physical and psychological, are yet to be fully discovered. However, in the short-term, problems like myopia are becoming a concern. Is there a link between screen time and rising myopia in children, or are there other factors at play? Research suggests that it may not be quite as straightforward as it seems.
Several large studies have found that the more time children spend on screens each day, the higher their risk of developing short-sightedness. In fact, each additional hour of daily screen use has been associated with a measurable increase in myopia risk.
One reason for this is that screens fall under what is called “near work”. When children focus on objects up close for long periods- whether that’s a tablet, smartphone, book or homework- the eyes are under continuous strain. Over time, this constant close focusing may encourage the eye to grow slightly longer, resulting in blurred distance vision.
However, there are many indirect consequences of high screen-times that may contribute to the development of myopia. One major factor appears to be a lack of time spent outdoors. Studies consistently show that natural daylight plays a protective role in healthy eye development. Children who spend more time outside are less likely to become short-sighted, regardless of how much near work they do. Unfortunately, increased screen use often replaces outdoor play, reducing exposure to natural light and physical activity.
Genetics also play an important role. Children with one or both parents who are short-sighted are more likely to develop myopia themselves. When genetic predisposition combines with long hours of screen use and limited outdoor time, the risk increases further.
So what can parents do?
Banning screen use entirely simply isn’t realistic anymore. However, regular screen breaks, following the 20-20-20 rule (every 20 minutes, look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds), can help reduce eye strain. Encouraging at least one to two hours of outdoor play each day can also make a real difference. Most importantly, regular eye examinations ensure any changes in vision are detected early.
If you’re concerned about your child’s eyesight, professional advice can offer reassurance and support. The Bromley Eye Centre provides comprehensive eye examinations for children of all ages. Book your child’s eye test today to help protect their vision and support healthy eye development for the future.
